Introduction, brief history to immunology. Types of immunity: Innate and adaptive immunity, cell mediated and humoral immunity, cells and organs of the immune system. Antigens – structure and types. epitopes, haptenes.Antibody – fine structure, classes with structure and functions, antigenic determinants on immunoglobulins.MHC complex – types, structure, and functions.Antigen-antibody interactions- principle, antigenrecognition by B-cells and T cells.Antigen-antibody reaction - Precipittin reactions, agglutination reactions, Microorganisms associated with fishes in health and disease.Defense mechanism in finfish and shellfish- specific and non specific immune system.Pathogenicity and virulence.Sources of infection, transmission of disease producing organisms, portals of infection.Immunity to bacteria, fungi and parasites Role of stress and host defense mechanism in disease development.Vaccines - types of vaccines – whole cell vaccine, purified macromolecules, recombinant –vector, DNA vaccines and multivalent subunit vaccines, modes of vaccine administration.Serological methods in disease diagnosis.Immunostimulants –types, mechanism of action, modes of administration. Immunoassays, immunodiffusion, ELISA, immunofluorescence, neutralization, radioimmunoassay, serotyping